These models use a bimetallic strip which bends as it heats up. A bimetallic strip is made up of two types of metal which expand at different rates, which causes the strip to bend when heated. Pushing the toast lever down connects and starts a circuit. As heat begins to build up in the circuit, the bimetallic strip of metal will start to bend until it no longer connects the circuit, which cuts off the power and pops your toast out.
In this toaster, the dial controls how much electricity goes through this switch. A lower number on the dial equates to a higher current, more heat running through the circuit, which triggers the off switch more quickly, and results in less toasted bread, according to CNET. If you actually read your toaster manual, you can get more insight into the mysterious dial that controls your toast color.
More expensive brands, like Dualit, call it the "timer," so you might be safe in assuming that "2" means two minutes. Even if you determine a tried-and-tested setting on your toaster, and even if you have a timer-based toaster, it won't necessarily result in the same desired toastiness every time.
For starters, toasting depends on the moisture of your bread. Since toasting is a combination of cooking and drying the bread, you'll have to adjust your standard setting based on the moisture composition of your slice which depends on anything from how old your bread is to the type of grain used —refined or whole wheat. Additionally, depending on what round of toast you're on, residual heat from your toaster can result in a divergence from the setting norm.
From the physical point of view, the dial changes the resistance, which changes the rate at which the capacitor charges. The capacitor is a special device that stores electrical energy usually consisting of two metallic conducting plates separated by the non-conducting gap called an insulator. There is a resistance to the flow of an electric current through most conductors. The resistance in a wire increases as the length of the wire increases and the thickness of the wire decreases.
Bad news, everyone: The Internet was wrong. And this time it was about something important: toasters. Apparently, rumors have been spreading that those numerals on the side of the appliance actually stand for the number of minutes it will cook your bread. To disprove it, the guys in this YouTube video set up a test of four different toasters all set to 2. Thus, to directly answer our own question: those numbers do relate to how long the bread will be in the toaster for when switched on.
But as for what specific amount of time to which they relate? There's no definite answer.
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