Garibaldi and Cavour making Italy in a satirical cartoon of ; the boot is a well-known reference to the shape of the Italian Peninsula. Emaunele met with Garibaldi at Teano and the general handed over command of the south, meaning that he could now call himself King of Italy. He was formally crowned by the new Italian parliament on the 17 March, but had been known as the King since the 18 February. Garibaldi bearing the new Italian flag of unification in Sicily. He and his followers were famous for wearing baggy red shirts as an unorthodox uniform.
The job was not yet finished, for Rome — which was defended by French forces — would not fall until But a landmark moment in history had been reached as the ancient and divided nations of Italy found a man and a leader that they could rally behind for the first time in over a thousand years. TV A new online only channel for history lovers. Sign Me Up. Having become king of Sardinia in , he placed Piedmont, which was under his domain, at the helm of the Risorgimento project; he was crowned King of Italy in , after Italian Unification, and again in with the taking of Rome.
The Risorgimento was the historical process that led to the Unification of Italy during the nineteenth century. Victor Emmanuel II played a leading role in this process. Aided by his famous Prime Minister, Camillo Benso Conte di Cavour Turin — , the king was able to maintain the right distance between the various Risorgimento proposals: in the end, the monarchist route to unification prevailed, linked to the Savoy dynasty, the King of Sardinia and, subsequently, King of Italy.
His appointment of Cavour as Premier in hastened the drive towards Italian unification. In Victor Emmanuel led his Piedmontese army to victory against the Austrians at the battles of Magenta and Solferino, and in entered the papal territories around French-held Rome to join his forces with those of Garibaldi. After being crowned first king of a united Italy in Turin in , Victor Emmanuel continued to add to his kingdom, acquiring Venetia in and Rome in View all related items in Oxford Reference ».
All Rights Reserved. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a PDF of a single entry from a reference work in OR for personal use for details see Privacy Policy and Legal Notice. France did receive the promised Nice and Savoy, while Austria kept Venetia , a major setback for the Piedmontese, also because the treaty had been prepared without their knowledge.
After several quarrels for the outcome of the war, Cavour resigned, and the king had to find other advisors. Later that same year, he sent his forces to fight the papal army at Castelfidardo and drove the Pope into Vatican City.
Five years after that , the Papal States, protected by Napoleon III an action motivated by his need to please Catholics in France , fell to Italian troops and Rome became the capital city.
Victor Emmanuel supported Giuseppe Garibaldi 's Expedition of Thousand , which resulted in the quick fall of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in southern Italy. However, the King halted Garibaldi when he appeared ready to attack Rome, still under the Papal States , as it was under French protection.
Victor Emmanuel then marched victoriously in the Marche and Umbria after the victorious battle of Castelfidardo over the Papal forces, after which he gained a Papal excommunication.
The King subsequently met with Garibaldi at Teano , receiving from him the control of southern Italy. Another series of plebiscites in the occupied lands resulted in the proclamation of Victor Emmanuel as the first King of Italy by the new Parliament of unified Italy, on March 17
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