Louis to the south; Chicago to the north and Indianapolis to the east. This central location gives Springfield a reach of over , people within a 40 mile radius. In addition to Interstate access, five class I railroads and two short line railroads serve the city and Sangamon County, providing direct shipment to major markets throughout the United States. Springfield's Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport is three miles northwest of the City's downtown and is a full service provider that accommodates both passenger as well as freight services.
Springfield's medical and health care sectors are a core industry for central Illinois. HSHS St. John's Hospital and Memorial Medical Center are currently undergoing major expansions. Springfield is a regional provider of health care services. From to the city of Springfield averaged During that same period the average yearly temperature was From to , NOAA data showed that Springfield's annual mean temperature increased slightly to During that period, July averaged On June 14, , a tornado hit Springfield, killing two people.
On March 12, , the city was struck by two F2 tornadoes. The storm system which brought the two tornadoes hit the city around pm; no one died as a result of the weather.
Springfield received a federal grant in February to help improve its tornado warning systems and new sirens were put in place in November after eight of the sirens failed during an April test, shortly after the tornadoes hit. Although tornadoes are not uncommon in central Illinois, the March 12 tornadoes were the first to hit the actual city since the storm. The tornadoes followed nearly identical paths to that of the tornado. At the Census, Non-Hispanic Whites were As of the census of , there were , people, 48, households, and 27, families residing in the city.
The population density was 2, There were 53, housing units at an average density of The racial makeup of the city was Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. There were 48, households, out of which The average household size was 2. In the city, the population was spread out, with The median age was 37 years. For every females there were For every females age 18 and over, there were About 8. Springfield proper is greatly based on a grid street system, with numbered streets starting with the longitudinal First Street which leads to the Illinois State Capitol and leading to 32nd Street in the far eastern part of the city.
North and South Grand Avenues which run east—west have remained important corridors in the city. Latitudinal streets range from names of presidents in the downtown area to names of notable people in Springfield and Illinois to names of institutions of higher education, especially in the Harvard Park neighborhood.
Springfield has at least twenty separately designated neighborhoods , though not all are incorporated with associations. The neighborhood is not far from Lincoln's Tomb on Monument Avenue. Springfield also encompasses four different suburban villages that have their own municipal governments.
Springfield has been home to a wide array of individuals, who, in one way or another, contributed to the broader American culture. Wandering poet Vachel Lindsay , most famous for his poem "The Congo" and a booklet called "Rhymes to be Traded for Bread", was born in Springfield in At least two notable people affiliated with American business and industry have called the Illinois state capital home at one time or another. Both John L. Lewis , a labor activist, and Marjorie Merriweather Post, the founder of the General Foods Corporation, lived in the city; Post in particular was a native of Springfield.
In addition, astronomer Seth Barnes Nicholson was born in Springfield in Herndon, Benjamin P. The Illinois State Library's Gwendolyn Brooks Building features the names of 35 Illinois authors etched on its exterior fourth floor frieze. Through the Illinois Center for the Book, a comprehensive resource on authors, illustrators, and other creatives who have published books who have written about Illinois or lived in Illinois is maintained.
The Hoogland Center for the Arts in downtown Springfield is a centerpiece for performing arts, and houses among other organizations the Springfield Theatre Centre, the Springfield Ballet Company, the Illinois Symphony Orchestra and the Springfield Municipal Opera , also known as The Muni, which stages community theatre productions of Broadway musicals outdoors each summer.
Sangamon Auditorium, located on the campus of the University of Illinois at Springfield also serves as a larger venue for musical and performing acts, both touring and local.
A few films have been created or had elements of them created in Springfield. Other performing arts such as music and ballet are also common in Springfield. Springfield is home to the annual Springfield Old Capitol Art Fair, a spring festival held annually in the third weekend in May. Since , Springfield has also hosted the 'Route 66 Film Festival', set to celebrate films routed in, based on, or taking part on the famous Route Springfield is known for some popular food items: the corn dog is claimed to have been invented in the city under the name " Cozy Dog ", although there is some debate to the origin of the snack.
The horseshoe sandwich , not well known outside of central Illinois, also originated in Springfield. Springfield was once the site of the Reisch Beer brewery, which operated for years under the same name and family from to The city is also known for its chili , or "chilli", as it is known in many chili shops throughout Sangamon County.
The unique spelling is said to have begun with the founder of the Dew Chilli Parlor in , due to a spelling error in its sign. Another interpretation is that the misspelling represented the "Ill" in the word Illinois. In , the Illinois state legislature adopted a resolution proclaiming Springfield the "Chilli Capital of the Civilized World. Springfield is dotted with sites associated with U. President Abraham Lincoln , who started his political career there. This is a reconstruction of the town where Lincoln lived as a young man.
With the opening of the Presidential Library and Museum in , the city has attracted numerous prominent visitors, including Presidents George W. The Donner Party, began their journey West from Springfield. It was built in — and has many of the furnishings Wright designed for it. Springfield's Washington Park is home to Thomas Rees Memorial Carillon and the site of a carillon festival, held annually since In August, the city is the site of the Illinois State Fair.
He relocated to Springfield soon after, where he launched his law practice, married, became a father, and lived out much of his adult life before re-entering politics and moving to Washington, DC. Over the years, several of the locations throughout Springfield where Abraham Lincoln lived, socialized , worshipped , and gave public speeches have been carefully preserved.
And Salem, the village where Lincoln grew up, has also been reconstructed approximately twenty miles outside Springfield. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum , which opened in , is the latest addition to the Lincoln-themed attractions. They include an original handwritten copy of the Gettysburg Address, the gloves that were in President Lincoln's pocket the night he was assassinated, and the quill pen he used to sign the Emancipation Proclamation.
To this place, and the kindness of these people, I owe everything. Lincoln did not return to Springfield in his lifetime, but Springfield was the final destination of his funeral train and where his body is buried.
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